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The Muscles
2:08 AM | Author: Mr.Xu

( series of mechanical body, part 3 )

Your body can moving  cause by the function of muscles. There are hundreds muscles support your activity, from biggest ones in your arms and legs until smallest in your face muscles. To form smile, a couple of different muscles are working together to make your lips break into a beautiful smile. One muscle group is the ‘zygomaticus major’, and the other is the ‘Levator anguli oris’. These muscles contract, and they pull up the corners of your mouth into a smile.


Why the muscles can contract it self ? These ones involve the amazing chemical engine system in your body. The muscles will contract or not cause by work of chemical reaction between calcium in one direction and something called ATP what cause muscles move in other direction. A muscles is fiber contains many myofibrils, which are cylinders of muscle proteins. These proteins allow a muscle cell to contract. Myofibrils contain two types of filaments -- thick filaments made of a protein called myosin and thin filaments made of a protein called actin. Each myosin filament surrounded by six filament of actin. 

To make the muscle fiber contract, the myosin filament reaches out, grabs the actin filaments and pulls on them like six pieces of rope. As this happens, the myosin filament changes shape to pull the actin filaments along .

Why the muscles start contracting ? it’s cause by the signal have sent from your brain order cell to release calcium. This one cause myosin start binding to actin fiber. When the brain stop send the signal, muscles cell will soak up and store the calcium inside for next time.

When contracting have stop and muscles back into normal condition, in cell something called ATP convert into ADP and phosphate. it’s cause many energy will be released. The cell make ATP from sugar and oxygen, then ADP will be converted back again into ATP use glukosa and oxygen. This mechanism explain where the muscles energy come from.

Rigor Mortis

What “rigor mortis” is ? When the body become stiff after it was died. Like a mummy, all of the body muscles will contracting . Why ? When the body was died the muscles cell will released all calcium out. It’s cause all of the muscles contracting. The muscles can’t change back because cell have stop working it’s ATP production, myosin will binds to actin and all muscles will contracted and stiffing the body.

( next article about Heart and Blood… )

ref : www.howstuffworks.com
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The Bones
10:51 PM | Author: Mr.Xu

( series of mechanical body, part 2 )

bones3

Without your bones, your body can’t do anything. You can’t stand up on your both legs look like an empty plastic bag , just lie down on  the floor.  Like a building, your body shaped frame on the skeleton or bones. There are more then 206 kinds of bones construct you strongly. This one protect your important instrument like brain, heart, lungs, etc.   

 

skeleton

Bones are make from calcium and a few phosphoric mineral. It’s form one surprisingly strong. Like a cement, you may imagine how strong the bones are. Cement contains a lot of calcium too. Inside the bones, calcium absorbed by bones cell called ‘Osteoblast’ . How this cell can do their job make the bones stronger ?

 

bones When you eat anything that contains calcium -- broccoli, yogurt, whatever -- the calcium is absorbed from your small intestine into your blood. Osteoblasts pull the calcium out of the blood and deposit it as new bone.

 

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts, both are working in opposite function. Osteoclast clean up the old bones and ostoblast lie on there to form the bones, so it’s reasons why your bones are constantly rebuilding themselves to stay strong.  They will eventually bridge the broken bone and then start filling it in with new calcium. Meanwhile, osteoclasts will break down all the bone fragments nearby to clean up the area.image

There are another amazing part inside the bone, called  marrow. The marrow is able to generate new red and white blood cells, as well as new osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and send them out into the bloodstream. You have trillions of red blood cells in your body right now and, as they wear out, the bone marrow creates new ones – millions of them every second. A red blood cell lasts about four months.
 
The bones can be move around because between two bones or more have been connected by  the muscle. This one have characteristic like a strong fiber that joint into the bones with a part called tendons. If the muscles get contraction, their long size decrease  and pull the bones move follow it.
 

( more about The muscles see its later in next article… )

ref : www.howstuffworks.com


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No license necessary to drive your body
11:05 PM | Author: Mr.Xu

( series of mechanical body, part 1 )

If you difficult to get your driving license, don’t be disappointed, because The God have given you  very-very super vehicle. Yes, your body is super vehicle what belong to you with unnecessary licenses. So, you can go anywhere you want by your foots and free.body

You can turn right or left easily, can stop anywhere and run faster in control. Like driving a vehicle, your brain tells your muscles what to do, and they respond. Sensors like your eyes, ears and nose bring information to your brain, so your brain can decide what to do next. Let’s look at some of the technology that makes your body so amazing.

Your parts of body that interesting to understand are eyes, bones, muscles,  heart and blood. All of them can be learned by comparing with modern equipment like digital camera, lifting machine, hydraulic system, and so on.

Eyes

How to learn the eyes easily ? You can compare your eyes system by digital camera. If you have camera with megapixel resolution, it’s mean that there are 5 million little light sensors inside the camera. In your eyes there are more then 120 million cell sensors that called “Rod’. So, it’s mean that your eyes have 24 times sensitivity more then camera to detect the object. Retina

There two kind of sensor cells inside your eyes, ‘Rods’ and ‘Cones’. The Rods give your eyes ability to detect black and white vision, and night vision. And, you can understand color differences because you have Color – vision cells called Cones. There are about 6 to 7 million cones cell which packed one in part of eyes area called ‘fovea’. Fovea and Rod cells spread in black area in your eyeball called ‘The Retina’.

The rod cell can detect a single candle light on 1 miles away. It’s because there are chemicals in rod cell called  ‘Rhodopsin’ that very sensitive by a light. If rhodopsin receive a photon of light, their molecule will be changes and send a signal into your brain.Eyes

To make rhodopsin, your body need vitamin A. If content of vitamin A in your body not enough, your night vision become poor.  So, you must eat more carrots to improve your vision capability.

In fovea you have three kinds of cones : red, green, and blue. Each 100 cones there are 64 red cones, 32 green cones, and 4 blue cones. It’s reason why the people more sensitive in red then others. And this one is reason in traffic light, why red light use the red light to sign the stop.

( The Bones in next article … )

ref : www.howstuffworks.com

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